Janus Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride) Membranes with Penetrative Pores for Photothermal Desalination

Table 1

Solar vapor generation performances of different membranes under one-sun irradiation () reported in the literatures.


Materials	Morphology	Mode	Light absorbance	Evaporation rate	Solar-vapor conversion efficiency	Ref.
Materials	Morphology	Mode	(%)	(kg·m^-2·h^-1)	(%)	Ref.

AAO loaded with Al nanoparticles	Vertically aligned pores	Direct contact	96.0	0.93	57.7	[17]
CuS-coated PE membrane	Interconnected macropores	Direct contact	93.0	1.02	63.9	[21]
Hierarchical copper-silicon nanowire porous membrane	Interconnected macropores	Direct contact	93.8	0.81	50.9	[34]
Hierarchical copper-silicon nanowire porous membrane	Interconnected macropores	With thermal insulator	93.8	1.37	86.0	[34]
PPy-coated hydrophilic PVDF membrane	Interconnected macropores	Direct contact	93.0	0.92	54.3	[18]
PPy-coated hydrophilic PVDF membrane	Interconnected macropores	Folded into cones	99.2	1.70	93.8	[18]
Electrospinning CB/PMMA-PAN Janus absorber	Interconnected macropores	Direct contact	97.0	0.92	51.0	[15]
Electrospinning CB/PMMA-PAN Janus absorber	Interconnected macropores	With thermal insulator	97.0	1.30	72.0	[15]
Janus VOPM	Vertically aligned pores	Direct contact	97.0	1.08	62.8	This work
Janus VOPM	Vertically aligned pores	With thermal insulator	97.0	1.58	90.2	This work